The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) is a standards-writing organization in existence since 1896. They define themselves as "the world's leading advocate of fire prevention and an authoritative source on public safety". NFPA standards are guidelines created with the intention of promoting fire safety and reducing risks related to fire and fire hazards.
NFPA 701 Defined
NFPA 701 is a flammability test that applies to curtains, draperies, and window treatments. The purpose is to determine a fabric's rate of flammability when subject to certain ignition sources.
Small-Scale Testing
During an NFPA 701 small-scale test, the material is hung vertically and subject to flame for 12 seconds. The specimen will pass if it self-extinguishes within two seconds once the ignition source is removed, the char length is less than 6.5 inches and it does not continue to burn after reaching the floor of the test chamber.
Applications
Small-scale testing is used for straight-hanging fabrics, such as vertical window curtains, which are typically found in homes.
Large-Scale Testing
During an NFPA 701 large-scale test, the material is hung vertically and subject to flame for two minutes. The specimen will pass if it self-extinguishes within two seconds once the ignition source is removed, the char length is less than 10 inches and it does not continue to burn after reaching the floor of the test chamber.
Applications
Large-scale testing is used for gathered fabrics that cover a large area, such as stage or movie-theater curtains.
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